Thursday, August 25, 2016

La bandera vicentina

Cuando era pequeña aprendí en clase de sociales, geografía, e incluso arte, la distribución de la bandera de mi país, Colombia.  Primero debía dibujar un rectángulo que incluiría los tres colores de la nación. Luego, este rectángulo debía dividirse en dos partes iguales en sentido horizontal. La primera mitad de este sub-rectángulo correspondía al color amarillo, alusivo a la riqueza de nuestro suelo, el sol y el oro hallado en épocas precolombinas. La segunda mitad debía dividirse en dos partes iguales, siendo la del medio de color azul, representando el cielo que cubre la patria, los ríos y los dos océanos que bañan las curvas de ambos costados del territorio: el Pacifico y el Atlántico. Por último, el tercer recuadro debía ser rojo, relacionado a la sangre vertida en los campos de batalla para conseguir la libertad.

Y es que, en Colombia, a pesar de cualquier falencia social, política o económica, somos patriótas y vestimos con orgullo “la tricolor”. Incluso, recién llegué a este paraíso, de las primeras cosas que hice, —inconscientemente— fue tomar tres hojas de papel: una amarilla, una azul y una roja, para armar una bandera y pegarla con orgullo en la parte exterior de la puerta de mi cuarto, como si fuese un sello distintivo.

Al pasar unos días, mientras sosteníamos una conversación con amigos de diferentes partes del mundo (Bélgica, Chile, Dinamarca, entre otros) uno de ellos habló de otro voluntario que también era colombiano y que había estado aquí hace unos años. Por algún motivo hizo mención de este compatriota para ejemplificar cuán apasionados éramos los colombianos al hablar de nuestro país.

¡Bélgica celebra el fútbol al mejor estilo paisa!
Valga mencionar que este sujeto no sólo era patriota, sino buen negociante, pues con él trajo varios ponchos paisas para venderle a los extranjeros, quienes intercambiaron una cantidad formidable de dólares americanos por dicha prenda autóctona de un país que, para su información, no sólo es conocido por la marihuana.

Me sorprendí gratamente de que él fuera distinguido de esa manera. Mi interlocutor percibió mi gesto y entre risas me preguntó: ¿pero acaso cuando tú llegaste, lo primero que hiciste no fue poner una bandera de Colombia en tu puerta? Tenía razón. Sólo que tal vez era algo que había hecho en modo automático y sólo lo vi claramente hasta después de su reflexión.

Y es que la bandera de cada país es sin duda uno de los símbolos patrios más importantes y más visibles ante todo público. Es un estandarte que denota ciertos colores en un orden, proporción y sentido específico, pero que connota toda la historia, cultura e idiosincrasia de un pueblo.

Dicho esto, era evidente mi interés por conocer el significado de la bandera de San Vicente y las Granadinas. Podía buscarlo en internet, por supuesto, pero quise preguntarle a un nativo qué había detrás de esas franjas de colores, pues no hay nada como escuchar el testimonio de alguien que respira sus creencias desde cada poro de su piel.

Mi inquietud la solucionó Erasto, un rastaman de alrededor 60 años, que trabaja desde hace más de 15 en la Autoridad de Parques Nacionales, Ríos y Playas de este país. Debo admitir que su “oficina” tiene mejor vista que la del mismo Alejandro Santo Domingo en Nueva York. Es más, tuve el lujo de que respondiera mi pregunta mientras caminábamos hacia La Soufriére, divisando a mi izquierda el océano Pacífico y a mi derecha Richmond Peak, el punto más alto de la isla sobre el nivel del mar.  

Erasto Robertson

La bandera de San Vicente y las Granadinas tiene, en su versión actual, tres colores: azul, amarillo y verde, divididos en franjas verticales. La primera representa el océano que rodea estas islas del Caribe. Por cierto, la superficie hídrica de este país es mucho mayor que la superficie terrestre, que cuenta con un área de tan sólo 389 km². La franja amarilla, protagonista en la proporción de la bandera, alude a los rayos del sol que alumbran durante más de 12 horas diarias la jornada de campesinos y pescadores. Por su parte, el verde asemeja la vegetación abundante que hace de este destino un lugar perfecto para el ecoturismo. Para finalizar, en el medio hay tres diamantes que representan al país conformado por múltiples islas, las Granadinas, que en total son 32. Estos rombos forman una V que podrían relacionarse con la inicial del nombre la isla mayor; asimismo, con su ubicación en las Antillas.

Es una explicación corta para la basta belleza de este paraíso y, como suele suceder con la historia, cultura e idiosincrasia, sólo estando “a este lado del charco” —como decimos algunos colombianos— se logra tener una visión holística. Tras mes y medio de estar viviendo aquí conocí de primera mano el significado de la bandera vicentina, y luego de 55 días debo admitir que comienzo a sentir el corazón divido entre mi natal Colombia y esta isla que seduce con sus paisajes y enamora con su gente.

Paradójicamente termino este escrito escuchando el CD de soca —música típica del Caribe— que compré hace unas semanas en Kingstown. De vez en cuando mi mirada se aparta de la pantalla del computador para encontrar la palabra perfecta que poco a poco ha conformado esta secuencia textual. Conduzco los ojos hacia la puerta de mi cuarto que, estando cerrada, tiene al respaldo la bandera de San Vicente y las Granadinas, mientras que sobre el pasillo “la tricolor” sigue resplandeciente. Es una dicotomía de amores que, en tiempos de guerra, tal vez sea la única dualidad válida.

Tuesday, August 9, 2016

Going beyond second chances (Part II)

It’s amazing how a nice experience can change your perspective about things, persons or, in this case, animals. As I shared in my last blog entrance about second chances with horses (click here to read it), it is wonderful how feelings can change in such a positive way. I was not scared anymore about getting close to these medieval beautiful creatures that are commonly portraited in fantasy books. The amazing turning point is that not only the fear was gone, but it had turned into excitement and happiness of seeing again the lovely Elena; in fact, I actually had missed her and when I saw her, it was like meeting again an old friend with whom bonds are tight enough.

Within a peaceful landscape and a green surrounding, Elena was ready to have fun. She was full of joy, despite it had been a sunny day, that frequently leads to fatigue and laziness. This was not the case and it worked just perfectly to be astonished by her intelligence, that increased with a sweet motivation. Three buckets and some treats where enough to enjoy this time with her.



As usual, she smelled my hand to feel familiar again. Then, I pampered her with some tickles in her neck and brushed the black mane. When she loses her haw and stares at you like if she was smiling, is an affirmative way of saying how much she likes it, and absolutely, a “please don’t stop” expression. But Elena knew that there was something else; something that not only called her attention, but her stomach desires: treats that could only obtain by being polite, obedient and making an occasional wit, just like a house pet.


After the game started she knew what to do, where to go and how to behave. First she stepped back as a sign of respect. Then, she waited the instruction to go towards the first yellow bucket, touch it with her nose, and come back to see if she had earned the tasty price inside the black can. This was the moment when no pressure was allowed; a patient and meek behavior would be the credit to take the treats’ payback, and indeed, she earned them one time after another. The jackpot for Elena came after several games when she was able to receive not only a few, but a whole portion of comfits that was left in the bottom of the bin. She was there, eating happily, while I was sitting calmed and joyful of the moment.

That was Elena, a serene, docile and charming creature that not only gained some candies, but the affection of someone who used to be scared of horses, but now is pretty close to become a huge fan of them.







Monday, August 1, 2016

The reasons behind wars on food and water

There is a lately common maxim that states poverty as a great business. Different authors have developed this declaration to explain why the rich become richer and the poor become poorer. The economic system that enables these pronouncements is the Capitalism, which is based on private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit[1]. With Capitalism come specific actors: owners able of decision-making and investment. This figure can be seen in dominant countries, international organisms and big private corporations that have a clear interest in making things happen in a very specific way. These calculated moves are thought to be applied over developing countries, wage labour and people with needs, who are more likely to accept deals in which the balance scale clearly leans to the side of the most powerful.  

An evident example of help and deals with hidden interest is the food aid provided by different organisms during stages of drought or floods when food production of agricultural countries is lost. This statement can be named “food aid used as a weapon”[2] that destroys the alimentary independency of farmers, getting them used to external supplies, and leaving aside their traditional work force, knowledge and way of generating economic incomes by selling their surpluses products. Ethiopia, Indonesia, Philippines and Jamaica are examples where food aid seriously affected the agricultural practices, economic incomes and, as a result, acquisition of imported expensive products. Again, rich industries get richer, and poor population gets poorer.

From these examples there are two important considerations: the first is scarcity of resources because of climate conditions and the second, how the shortage of food and water can lead to war. Asia and Africa are prone continents to suffer these conditions, making people and social movements fight over supply sources. Syria, Turkey and Iraq have a conflict over water in the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and oil resources. Palestine and Israel battle over the control of water that comes from Golan Heights, the Sea of Galilee and the Jordan River. The region of Darfur in the western Sudan is in conflict because of water scarcity and the rainfalls have decreased by one third over the last 80 years and Rwanda suffered the terrible genocide in which between one half and one million Tutsis were slaughtered by Hutus over a few months in 1994, basically as a war over access to the fertile land in this densely populated small country.

These are reliable examples, among many others, of how water and food are assets that in case of scarcity can lead to serious struggles. Not in vain has been said that if there is a third World War the reason would be the fight over water. All though governments, media and power groups frequently make believe that religion or politics are the reasons why conflicts are taking place, it is pretty evident that under those arguments, environment, resources, water and food are the genuine motives that lead to violent encounters.

But why are we most often presented for other explanations for these conflicts? There can be several reasons. The first one can be that developing countries are more likely to have raw materials and agricultural practices, but it’s a business for developed countries to sell them fertilizers, pesticides and expensive seeds. In addition, this can also lead to higher rates of importations, that benefit Capitalism, so they are clearly not interested in changing this consumption model or making obvious the importance of valuing the natural assets. As a second fact, land grab has become a new kind of war over food, in which countries like Japan, China, Libya, United Arabic Emirates and Egypt have acquired “vast land areas in the developing world, to secure the food and biofuel production they need”. It is pretty obvious that these deals are not known by everyone, and governments have no interest in people knowing the social, economic and environmental impact these negotiations mean, as an undeniable damage of their lands and sustainability.

“Of the more than 900 million hungry people in the world, 80% are small farmers. They constitute more than one third of the two billion people depending on very small portions of land to make a living”. It is ironic that the people from whom we get the food supplies, don’t have food security, and the worst is that they are in risk of losing their lands, their incomes and their way of applying traditional knowledge. The issue is not about having enough food for 7 billion human beings, but ensure small “farmers get access to land, training and capital to improve agricultural production, getting access to markets without unfair competition from cheap, subsidized products. This requires that governments of poor countries are assisted in promoting agricultural production instead of the current situation where they are forced into unfair trading positions. It also requires a movement away from corporate farming and the dependency on fertilizer, pesticides and other oil-based products”[3].


COUNTRY
CONFLICT
Palestine vs. Israel
Control over water that comes from Golan Heights, the Sea of Galilee and the Jordan River
Darfur
Water resources. The conflict is shown as a Muslim vs. Christians issue. The rainfall in this part of Sudan has decreased by one third over the last 80 years.
India vs. Pakistan
Conflict over water from the River Indus
Rwanda
Between one half and one million Tutsis were slaughtered by Hutus over a few months in 1994, is basically also a war over access to the fertile land in this densely populated small country.
Turkey, Syria and Iraq
Conflict over water in the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and oil resources.
Kenya
Issue in the fertile Rift Valley escalated into violent conflict at the start of 2008.
Congo
Food crisis in 2008. Conflicts have resulted in the proportion of undernourished people increasing from 29% to 76%.



[2] History Front: Wars over food and water.
[3] History Front: Wars over food and water.

Going up to La Soufrière: the natural king and guardian of St. Vincent

Every country has its own appealing characteristics with historical monuments, unique landscapes and particular roadways. These are touristic assets that are frequently used by travel agencies to show how attractive a destiny can be, and carry an interesting number of people to get astonished by different wonders.

Well, St. Vincent and the Grenadines is not far from that. La Soufrière is the country's volcano, a natural monstrous marvel that can be seen from almost every point of the island. It stands there, with all his imperial magnitude, being the king and guardian of this portion of land that carries all the warm of the lava within their citizen kindness.

La Soufrière is one of the highest peaks in St. Vincent. It’s 1.234 meters (4.049 feet) and the last time it erupted was back in 1979. More than 14 thousand people were evacuated from the fervent-red-thick blood of the volcano. But, no worries, by now it keeps calm and quiet, like a baby sleeping with a lullaby.

At 9:00 in the morning we left the school to start the crossing journey to reach the highest point of the mountain, willing to see the crater and tests how far we were from the typical imaginary taught at preschool of a triangular form with the lava coming out of it. It was supposed to be a nine hours walk and the best ally to confront this challenge was to enjoy each step, knowing that with every walked-meter we were closer from the arrival goal.

We started walking along the beach, enjoying the view of the fishermen pulling their nets. Then we came into huge and intimidating rock-walls that covered the mountainside. Finally, we were hiking within a delightful mix of scenarios: dry hills, humid and dark rain forest and palm trees. Suddenly, we reached the half way point. I felt relieved, satisfied and excited, making me want more of that that was coming. We got there so fast and, to be honest, I thought it was going to be tougher than that. I recharged myself with the energy of the trees and continued the path towards the peak.

The other half of the road gave me some trouble though. It didn’t seem that easy anymore, and the refreshing rainforest was left behind. Now we didn’t have any shelter from the immense trees. The path was not green anymore, it turned yellow and dry. Actually, I felt walking through the path of Maximus in The Gladiator movie, when he’s going to meet his family and walks along a wheat field in the old Rome.

The water was almost over by now, the thirst and fatigue dominated the body. We had been walking for four hours, but nothing could stop that craving of reaching the peak. It was almost like a marathon. Your body gets tired, but the mind can only focus on the crossing line. That feeling is the fuel to continue and give one more step, and one more, and one more…


After 36 thousand steps, 23 kilometers and 9 hours, we had gone up in the hill and came back. The landscape was completely worth it. How far was the preschool imaginary from the greatness of that rare beauty of La Soufrière. Not even the best camera could capture the splendid nature of the volcano and its crater. Like a friend of mine says, “the eyes have more pixels”. So if you are reading this and you are planning to come to St. Vincent, just make sure to get the best shoot of the volcano with your own eyes. 



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I want to dedicate this article to Stephanie English, a nice friend with whom I hiked part of the path to the volcano and gave me a very useful gift to continue writing in my blog!